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In the 29 June 1974 edition of Autocar (shortly before Peugeot
acquired the company) they published a rather lightweight, superficial
and inaccurate article about French cars. This is an extract... Click here for the complete article
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IF any nation’s car manufacturing industry was well placed to
weather the recent fuel crisis, it was that of France. The taxation
policy which ever since the war has encouraged the use of small
engines; the road network which led to the gearing of cars for
economical high-speed cruising; even the relatively high proportion of
country-dwelling, agricultural Frenchmen; all had helped produce a
range of cars which stood the four major manufacturers in very good
stead.
It would be foolish to pretend that there had been tremendous foresight
behind it all. Yet in many ways the French have had the foresight to
adopt advanced thinking and turn it to advantage. Study for a moment
our table of those French cars currently available in Britain. Every
single one is equipped with radial-ply tyres as standard - thanks to
the lead given so many years ago by Michelin. Two of the four
manufacturers produce nothing but front-drive cars, and the other two
build them in fair and increasing proportion. It was Citroën, of
course, who gave the French their early opportunity to appreciate the
advantages of front-drive, at both ends of the market.
The French industry works to its own logical plan — which means its
policies rarely parallel those of its German and British neighbours.
For instance, the biggest of the four manufacturers, Renault, is a
nationalized concern. And only one — Simca — is American-owned.
Few international links have been forged. Citroën’s marriage with Fiat
proved a fragile and impermanent thing. Renault have remained stoutly
independent except for a strong technical link with Peugeot and
ultimately with Volvo.
Again unlike the British and the Germans, the French have scant regard
for the American export market, and hence for American rules and
regulations.
In the past, Renault, Citroën and Simca have tried without much success
to sell cars in America; now they take the view that the Common Market
is big enough to keep them happy, and that room for further expansion
is to be found by investing in “third-world” factories and CKD assembly
plants.
Evidence of this policy can be found in the massive sales figures of
French cars in all the EEC countries including Britain, where Renault
is consistently the top imported-car seller, well backed up by Simca,
while Citroën and Peugeot have made great strides here in recent years.
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Engine
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Gearing
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Tyres
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Dimensions (inches)
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Weight
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Fuel
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Price
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c.c.
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Power/rpm
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Speeds
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mph/1,000 rpm
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Length
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Width
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Wheelbase
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(kerb, lb.)
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(galls)
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£
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Dyane 4
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435
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24/6,750
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4
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11.3
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125-15
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153 1/2
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59
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94 1/2
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1,300
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5 1/2
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796
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Dyane 6
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602
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32/5,750
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4
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14.7
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125-15
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153 1/2
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59
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94 1/2
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1,310
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5 1/2
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873
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Ami 8
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602
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32/5,750
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4
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13.3
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135-15
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157
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60
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94 1/2
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1,635
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7
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922
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Ami Super
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1,015
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53/6,500
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4
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14.8
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135-15
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157
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60
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94 1/2
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1,775
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9
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1,025
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GS
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1,015
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55/6,500
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4
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14.3
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145-15
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162
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63 1/2
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100 1/2
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1,885
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9 1/2
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1,264
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GS 1220
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1,220
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60/6,500
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4
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15.3
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145-15
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162
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63 1/2
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100 1/2
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1,885
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9 1/2
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1,342
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D Special
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1,985
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89/5,500
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4
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20.2
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185-15
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193
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71
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123
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2,815
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14 1/2
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1,894
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D Super 5
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2,175
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106/5,500
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5
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20.2
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185-15
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193
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71
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123
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2,845
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14 1/2
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2,211
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DS 23
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2,347
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115/5,500
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5
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22.5
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185-15
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193
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71
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123
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2,905
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14 1/2
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2,531
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SM
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2,670
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178/5,500
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5
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23.2
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195-15
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192 1/2
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72 1/2
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116
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3,395
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19 1/2
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6,369
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The other cars included in this table were Peugeot 104, 204, 304, 404 and 504; Renault 4 DL, 5 TL, 6 TL, 12 TL, 15
TL, 15 TS/17 TL, 16 TL, 16 TX and 17 TS; Simca 1000 LS, 1000 GLS, 1000
Special, 1100 Special, 1301 Special and 1501 Special.
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TO AN EVEN greater extent than Peugeot, Citroën believe in
creating a highly advanced design from the ground up, and then putting
it into production for many years. Their attitude has softened slightly
of late, in that their three basic designs (2CV, GS and DS) have
spawned an almost bewildering succession of developed models, though
never straying far from the basic engineering concept.
The 2CV has never been available in Britain in any numbers, but from it
sprang the Dyane and Ami models which are an increasingly familiar
sight on our roads. The formula is unique, almost the Renault 4 carried
to the extreme; roomy body, small engine, excellent cross-country
performance.
Latest addition to the Ami range, and taking it somewhat away from the
original concept, is the Ami Super with the 1,015 c.c. engine from the
GS. With this power unit the performance is dramatically improved, and
the car comes much more into the reckoning as a conventional contender
in the medium-car stakes.
The GS itself continues to sell well, though it is now accepted that
the original version was slightly underpowered for British conditions
and the later 1220 is a better bet, not only for performance but often
for economy as well. The bare figures suggest disappointing economy for
an engine this size, but one must always remember that the car is large
— indeed, much larger than the average medium-sized car. Like all
Citroëns, it takes a lot of getting used to, but in return it offers
remarkable handling and ride.
The big D-series cars seem to go on and on. By no means all the
versions are available in Britain, but even so there are enough to be
confusing. The original DS19, first shown at Paris as long ago as 1955,
inherited its engine from the previous traction avant Citroëns.
The ancient power unit sat strangely in such an advanced chassis, and
eventually it was replaced by the present series of engines, all based
on the 1,985 c.c. unit in the D Special. It is enlarged for fitting in
the D Super with its five-speed gearbox; and enlarged yet again for the
DS23 and Pallas. In its largest size, it is also available with fuel
injection.
Injection is a standard fitting on the SM, the first serious French essay
into the prestige car field for a very long time, and one generally
acclaimed for its host of advanced features.
There is plenty of evidence in the SM to support any view of Citroën’s
dogged engineering independence, not least in the use of the seemingly
illogical 90 deg V6 engine. The SM continues to be available only in
left hand drive form, and Britain has yet to see the
automatic-transmission version with its engine enlarged to three litres.
As far as new cars are concerned, Citroën have a glaring gap between
the GS and the DS, and one imagines most effort must be concentrated
there.
The company’s long-range thinking, though, makes any possible
introduction date a matter of pure guesswork for those not directly
concerned.
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Above Citroën’s 2CV replacement is the
Dyane
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Above The Citroën DS lines remain ageless
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Above
The Citroën GS 1220 Club has many of the DS's features
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© 1974 Autocar / 2020 Citroënët
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